In mid-November 2024, New Delhi experienced a significant deterioration in air quality, with the Air Quality Index (AQI) soaring into the ‘severe plus’ category. This alarming situation has raised serious public health concerns and prompted authorities to implement emergency measures.
Escalation of Air Quality Index
On November 18, 2024, Delhi’s AQI reached 484, marking the highest level recorded this year. The following day, the AQI remained critically high at 488, with certain areas recording the maximum AQI of 500. The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) classifies an AQI above 401 as ‘severe,’ indicating that such levels pose health risks even to healthy individuals and can significantly impact those with existing conditions.
Contributing Factors
Several factors have contributed to the sharp decline in air quality:
- Stubble Burning: Farmers in neighboring states like Punjab and Haryana engage in stubble burning during this season, releasing large amounts of smoke into the atmosphere.
- Meteorological Conditions: Cold air traps emissions, dust, and smoke, leading to the accumulation of pollutants in the air.
- Urban Emissions: Vehicular emissions and industrial activities within the city further exacerbate pollution levels.
These combined factors have resulted in a thick layer of smog enveloping the city, reducing visibility and causing respiratory issues among residents.
Government Response
In response to the escalating crisis, authorities have implemented several emergency measures:
- School Closures: Educational institutions have been closed, and classes have shifted to online formats to protect students from exposure.
- Construction Halts: All construction activities have been suspended to reduce dust and particulate matter in the air.
- Vehicle Restrictions: Non-essential trucks have been banned from entering the city, and older diesel vehicles have been restricted to curb vehicular emissions.
- Public Health Advisories: Residents have been advised to stay indoors, especially vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions. AP News
Health Implications
The severe pollution levels have led to a surge in health issues among Delhi’s residents:
- Respiratory Problems: Hospitals have reported an increase in patients experiencing breathing difficulties, asthma attacks, and other respiratory ailments.
- Eye and Skin Irritation: Exposure to high pollution levels has caused eye irritation and skin problems among the populace.
- Long-term Risks: Prolonged exposure to such hazardous air quality can lead to chronic health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and reduced lung function. AP News
Public Reaction
The citizens of Delhi have expressed frustration and concern over the deteriorating air quality:
- Social Media Outcry: Residents have taken to social media platforms to voice their distress, sharing images of the smog-covered city and calling for immediate action.
- Demand for Long-term Solutions: There is a growing demand for sustainable and long-term measures to address the root causes of pollution, including stricter regulations on industrial emissions and the promotion of cleaner energy sources. AP News
Looking Ahead
The current air quality crisis in Delhi underscores the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to combat pollution. While emergency measures provide temporary relief, long-term solutions involving policy changes, technological advancements, and public participation are essential to ensure a healthier environment for the city’s residents.
