Singapore is taking progressive strides towards a cleaner future, leveraging the potential of low-carbon ammonia for bunkering and power generation, showcasing its commitment to sustainable energy solutions for the upcoming decades.
Singapore’s Vision for Clean Energy
Singapore has made it explicit that it envisions hydrogen fueling about half of its energy needs by 2050. In light of this, the recent focus on ammonia as a potential energy source, which was discussed during the Singapore International Energy Week at Marina Bay Sands, marks a significant milestone in realizing this vision.
Why Ammonia?
Ammonia, formed by the union of hydrogen and ambient air nitrogen, presents an efficient way to transport massive amounts of hydrogen across vast distances without occupying much space. Given that burning hydrogen doesn’t release any carbon dioxide, it is viewed as a pristine fuel.
Minister for Trade and Industry, Mr. Gan Kim Yong, highlighted ammonia’s potential for power generation and maritime shipping during his address. The project’s goal is to create a holistic ammonia solution capable of generating between 55MW to 65MW of electricity. This electricity will be generated by direct combustion of imported low-carbon or zero-carbon ammonia in a gas turbine or a combined cycle gas turbine.
A Step Towards Actualization
The project’s epicenter will be Jurong Island. It doesn’t end with electricity generation; the project also emphasizes facilitating ammonia bunkering, targeting a capacity of at least 100,000 tonnes annually. The progress is evident with 26 proposals already received since the project’s announcement in December 2022, of which six consortia are shortlisted for further proceedings.
A Broader Horizon: Beyond Ammonia
While ammonia is a focal point, the government is concurrently exploring other clean energy avenues. Mr. Gan noted the government’s interest in advanced nuclear energy technologies, especially as they become safer and potentially cost-effective. Efforts are on to understand these technologies better, evident from the Republic’s growing expertise in advanced nuclear technologies like small modular reactors (SMRs).
Singapore’s proactive engagement with international organizations, such as the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), showcases its dedication to understanding and perhaps integrating such advanced technologies in the future.
Furthermore, following a study by the Nanyang Technological University highlighting Sembawang hot springs’ potential as a geothermal energy source, the possibility of harnessing geothermal heat for electricity is under exploration.
Biofuels: Another Green Alternative
Biofuels also form an essential component of Singapore’s green roadmap. Already in use by ocean-going vessels and Singapore Airlines flights in the form of sustainable aviation fuel, the potential of biofuels across various sectors is under active study.
Experts Weigh In
Professor Subodh Mhaisalkar, an eminent figure in academic research at the National Research Foundation, acknowledged the challenges associated with ammonia, including transportation, storage, and safety. However, he believes that Singapore’s trials with ammonia could establish it as a leader in utilizing this source for power generation in mega urban settings.
Conclusion
Singapore’s quest for clean energy solutions, with ammonia at its forefront, is a testament to the nation’s forward-thinking and commitment to a sustainable future. With endeavors spanning from nuclear to biofuels, the Republic is poised to set benchmarks in the clean energy domain for the world to follow.
Also learn about Singapore Explores Nuclear Energy: A Future Option.
